Chord Scales

Chord-scale theory is a very useful tool to help
improvisers develop quick arithmetic of go-to 'correct'
notes over fast moving chord changes.
However it does a poor job of explaining what is actually happening in the music.
It is a means to an end, and not the whole truth.
Barry Harris has a much better explanation.

That being said, here are some introductory chord scales:

M7 : Barry Harris Diminished 6th scale : 1 2 3 4 5 b6 6 M7 1

-7 : Dorian Mode : 1 2 b3 4 5 6 b7 1

7 : Lydian Dominant (4th mode of Jazz Minor) : 1 2 3 s4 5 6 b7 1

-6 : Melodic 'Jazz' Minor : 1 2 b3 4 5 6 M7 1

-7(b5) : Locrian n 9 (6th mode of Jazz Minor) : 1 2 b3 4 b5 b6 b7 1

7(ALT) : Altered scale (7th mode of Jazz Minor) : 1 b2 s2 3 b5 s5 b7 1

ยบ7 : Diminished (Whole-Half) :
1 2 b3 4 b5 s5 bb7 M7 1

7(b9) : Diminished Dominant (Half-Whole) : 1 b2 s2 3 s4 5 6 b7 1

To get started you really only need 3 scales (or modes thereof) :
Major, Jazz Minor, and Diminished.