Notes

Musical Alphabet

7 white keys: A B C D E F G
5 black keys, in groups of two & three
Between the two black keys is always the note D

Accidentals

= sharp = +1
= flat = -1
= natural = white key (cancels out any other accidental)

doubles also exist, but are not extremely common
x = double sharp = +2
= double flat = -2

Enharmonic Equivalence

Overlap in note names
Cs = Db, Ds = Eb, Fs = Gb, Gs = Ab, As = Bb

Black keys are always or ,
but some white keys can also be or .
This is because the keys B & C, and E & F are adjacent,
there are no black keys separating them.

Bs = Cn, Cb = Bn, Es = Fn, Fb = En